In response to the challenges posed by grid-connected node voltage exceeding the limit and output consumption during photovoltaic (PV) consumption systems into green substations, the operational strategy for renewable energy consumption in green substations guided by reactive power monitoring is proposed in this research. The primary objective of this strategy is to maximize PV consumption by analyzing the relationship between reactive power-voltage sensitivity and the load coverage rate. Through the decoupling of reactive power monitoring from active power consumption and the precise prediction of crucial variables such as active power surplus and reactive power compensation control correction quantities, a reactive power-voltage relationship model is constructed. Furthermore, through considering their current charge status and capacity constraints, a green substation consumption model with energy storage systems is established. Operational strategy for renewable energy consumption in green substations guided is formulated based on a reactive power-voltage relationship model. The model is solved using a improved particle swarm algorithm and validated via simulations on the IEEE 33-node system. Results demonstrate that the proposed strategy ensures stable grid-connected voltage while significantly enhancing PV consumption capacity.