A high-speed acquisition and recording system for multi-channel traveling wave based on FPGA is designed,which can implement high speed acquisition,continuous transient recording and long process recording of multi-channel traveling wave signal for centralized traveling wave distance measuring devices,utilizing FPGA dual ports RAM and off-chip high capacity DDR to construct distributed two-stage recording buffers,combined with DSP embedded processors.The hierarchical caching mechanism adopted by the system decouples the"high rate"of signal acquisition and the"large capacity"application requirement of data caching.It realizes the real-time high-speed data acquisition of multi-channel traveling wave and high data throughput required by continuous transient recording.And it also has a large capacity cache space for fault location algorithm off-line analysis and recording data dump,which meet the technical specification requirements related to traveling wave fault location for transmission lines of power industry.