After the frequency support of grid-forming permanent magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbines (GFWTs) is completed, it is necessary to promptly restore the physical rotor speed to enable the GFWTs to re-operate at the maximum power point. However, in the face of actual turbulent wind speeds with random fluctuations, traditional speed recovery strategies based on a single function form may lead to the failure to recover speed in GFWTs. To address this issue, the physical mechanism behind the failure of GFWT speed recovery under turbulent wind speeds is first revealed through stability analysis. Then, combined with the alternating characteristics of gradually strengthening/weakening winds in actual turbulent wind speeds, an adaptive speed recovery strategy for GFWTs based on the state judgment of physical rotor speed is proposed. This method utilizes the measured rotor speed to distinguish between strengthening and weakening wind conditions. During strengthening winds, the reference power command is maintained, allowing the increasing aerodynamic power to accelerate the turbine's physical rotor. During weakening winds, the speed recovery process is temporarily interrupted, and the reference power command is set to a suboptimal power curve to maintain turbine stability. Finally, PSCAD/EMTDC electromagnetic transient simulation results demonstrate that the proposed improved strategy, through multiple adaptive switches between recovery and interruption processes, can achieve reliable rotor speed recovery for grid-forming wind turbines under turbulent wind conditions.